As we have shown , the Delhi Sultanate was not an Islamic state , and even if it had been one , it had no right to impose the Jizya because the latter was meant by the rulers of the early Islamic state to be the price of exemption from compulsory military service which no longer existed . जैसाकि हमने दर्शाया है कि दिल्ली सल्तनत एक इस्लामी राज़्य नहीं था , और यदि वह रहा भी हो , तो उसे त्रिज़्या कर लगाने का कोई अधिकार नहीं था.क़्योकिं प्रारंभिक इस्लामी राज़्य के शासको ने त्रिज़्या अनिवार्य सैनिक सेवा से छूट प्राप्त करने की कीमत के रूप में लगाया था , जो अग लागू नहीं था .
2.
Performance of Contract Administration Services (CAS) within DoD has been studied and modified for many years. In the early 1960's, a study was commissioned by the Secretary of Defense to examine the entire DoD contracting process. Known as “Project 60,” the findings pointed to numerous benefits to consolidating contract administration functions. At that time, each agency and military service was performing their own contract administration which resulted in a great amount of duplicate effort. Many of the contract administration responsibilities were eventually moved to the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). However, the military services continued to retain oversight of the major acquisition programs. अमरीकी रक्षा विभाग के (U.S. Department of Defense) (DoD) के रूप में आतंकवाद को परिभाषित: अवैध हिंसा या गैरकानूनी हिंसा के खतरे के डर जगाने के लिए की गणना का उपयोग करें या मजबूर करने के लिए लक्ष्य का पीछा में है कि आम तौर पर राजनीतिक रहे हैं सरकारों या समाजों भयभीत करना
3.
Performance of Contract Administration Services (CAS) within DoD has been studied and modified for many years. In the early 1960's, a study was commissioned by the Secretary of Defense to examine the entire DoD contracting process. Known as “Project 60,” the findings pointed to numerous benefits to consolidating contract administration functions. At that time, each agency and military service was performing their own contract administration which resulted in a great amount of duplicate effort. Many of the contract administration responsibilities were eventually moved to the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). However, the military services continued to retain oversight of the major acquisition programs. अमरीकी रक्षा विभाग के (U.S. Department of Defense) (DoD) के रूप में आतंकवाद को परिभाषित: अवैध हिंसा या गैरकानूनी हिंसा के खतरे के डर जगाने के लिए की गणना का उपयोग करें या मजबूर करने के लिए लक्ष्य का पीछा में है कि आम तौर पर राजनीतिक रहे हैं सरकारों या समाजों भयभीत करना
4.
Mr. Lieberman wants to restrict Israeli citizenship to those willing to sign a statement of loyalty to the Israeli flag and anthem, and prepared to do military service or its equivalent. Those who refuse to sign - whether Muslim, far-leftist , Haredi , or other - may remain in place as permanent residents, with all the benefits of Israeli residence, even voting and running for local office (a privilege non-citizen Arab residents of Jerusalem currently enjoy). But they would be excluded from voting in national elections or being elected to national office. इसमें कोई आश्चर्य नहीं कि इजरायल के यहूदियों ने इस पर नकारात्मक प्रतिक्रिया की है. मारीव में डान मारगालित ने इजरायली अरब को असम्भव करार दिया है. हारटेज में अवराहम ताल ने इस अध्ययन की व्याख्या करते हुये कहा है कि इजरायल के बाहरी संघर्षों का समाधान होने के बाद भी संघर्ष को जारी रखने का जानबूझकर किया जाने वाला प्रयास है. इजरायल के उपप्रधानमन्त्री अबीगदोर लीबरमैन ने दस्तावेज के मुख्य आश्वासनों को अस्वीकार कर दिया है. उनका प्रश्न है कि फिलीस्तीनियों के लिये देश का 3\2 भाग निर्मित करना और यहूदियों के लिये आधा देश निर्मित करने क्या तुक है ?
5.
During the 1990s, the agency's role in supporting military contingencies and humanitarian assistance operations grew dramatically. Operation Desert Shield began in August 1990 in response to an Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Soon after President George Bush announced the involvement of the U.S. military, the agency was at the center of the effort to support the deployment to the Middle East and later the war. In those first critical months, most of the supplies transported to Saudi Arabia - from bread to boots, from nerve gas antidote to jet fuel - came from DLA stock. During this operation and the subsequent Operation Desert Storm, the agency provided the military services with over $3 billion of food, clothing, textiles, medical supplies, and weapons system repair parts in response to over 2 million requisitions. The mission execution included providing supply support, contract management, and technical and logistics services to all military services, unified commands, and several allied nations. The quality of supply support that DLA provided American combat forces during these operations earned it the Joint Meritorious Service Award in 1991. मनोवैज्ञानिक प्रभाव है और भय के रूप में गंभीरता और मनोवैज्ञानिक प्रभाव की लंबाई को अधिकतम करने के लिए - यह हमला इस तरह से किया गया.आतंकवाद के प्रत्येक कार्य १ प्रदर्शन कई बड़ी दर्शकों पर अच्छा असर पड़ता है करने के लिए तैयार है.आतंकवादियों ने भी उनकी शक्ति और देश या समाज के लिए वे विरोध कर रहे हैं की नींव हिला को दिखाने के लिए राष्ट्रीय प्रतीकों पर हमला.समय की वैधता को बढ़ाने यह नकारात्मक एक सरकार की वैधता को प्रभावित मई को दिया आतंकवादी संगठन (terrorist organization) और / या विचारधारा (ideology) एक आतंकवादी कार्रवाई के पीछे.
6.
Throughout the 1990s the agency continued its effort to eliminate managerial and stockage duplication, reducing overhead costs. In April 1990 Secretary Cheney directed that all the distribution depots of the military services and DLA be consolidated into a single, unified material distribution system to reduce overhead and costs and designated DLA to manage it. The consolidation began in October 1990 and was completed March 16, 1992. The system consisted of 30 depots at 32 sites with 62 storage locations, which stored over 8.7 million spare parts, subsistence, and other consumable items worth $127 billion in 788 million square feet (73 km²) of storage. Until September 1997, two regional offices - Defense Distribution Region East in New Cumberland, Pennsylvania, and Defense Distribution Region West in Stockton, California, managed a vast network of distribution depots within their respective geographic boundaries. They later merged into Defense Distribution Center, New Cumberland. एक राजनीतिक लक्ष्य के लिए - कुछ सभी आतंकवादी हमलों में आम में है एक राजनीतिक उद्देश्य के लिए अपना जुर्म है.आतंकवाद को पत्र लिखने या विरोध कि कार्यकर्ताओं द्वारा जब वे कोई अन्य साधन परिवर्तन के वे चाहती है कि इस तरह के प्रभाव होगा विश्वास प्रयोग किया जाता है नहीं विपरीत एक राजनीतिक रणनीति है.इस बदलाव को इतनी बुरी तरह से असफलता है कि नागरिकों की मौत से भी बदतर एक परिणाम के रूप में देखा जाता है वांछित है.यह अक्सर होता है जहां आपसी के बीच आतंकवाद और धर्म (terrorism and religion) होता है.जब एक राजनीतिक संघर्ष एक या धार्मिक ब्रह्मांडीय के ढांचे में एकीकृत है इस तरह के एक पुश्तैनी मातृभूमि या इजराइल और यरूशलेम जैसे पवित्र स्थल के नियंत्रण से अधिक के रूप में संघर्ष राजनीतिक लक्ष्य (राष्ट्रवाद) में असफल आध्यात्मिक विफलता के साथ बराबर हो जाता है जो के लिए अत्यंत प्रतिबद्ध अपनी खुद की मृत्यु या मृत्यु से भी बदतर है निर्दोष नागरिकों की.
7.
The origins of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) date back to World War II when America's huge military buildup required the rapid procurement of vast amounts of munitions and supplies. During the war, the military services began to coordinate more extensively when it came to procurement, particularly procurement of petroleum products, medical supplies, clothing, and other commodities. The main offices of the Army and Navy for each commodity were collocated. After the war, the call grew louder for more complete coordination throughout the whole field of supply - including storage, distribution, transportation, and other aspects of supply. In 1947, there were seven supply systems in the Army, plus an Air Technical Service Command, and 18 systems in the Navy, including the quartermaster of the Marine Corps. Passage of the National Security Act of 1947 prompted new efforts to eliminate duplication and overlap among the services in the supply area and laid the foundation for the eventual creation of a single integrated supply agency. The act created the Munitions Board, which began to reorganize these major supply categories into joint procurement agencies. Meanwhile, in 1949, the Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government (Hoover Commission), a presidential commission headed by former President Herbert Hoover, recommended that the National Security Act be specifically amended so as to strengthen the authority of the Secretary of Defense so that he could integrate the organization and procedures of the various phases of supply in the military services. जानबूझकर गैर का लक्ष्यीकरण-लड़ाकों - यह सामान्य है कि आतंकवाद के विशिष्ट प्रकृति अपने जानबूझकर और विशिष्ट चयन का में निहित है आयोजित किया जाता है नागरिक (civilian)s सीधे लक्ष्य के रूप में.विशेष रूप से आपराधिक इरादे जब शिशुओं बच्चों माताओं और बुजुर्गों कत्ल कर रहे हैं या घायल हो गए और बुराई के रास्ते में डाल दिखाया गया है.बहुत समय की आतंकवाद के शिकार लोगों क्योंकि वे धमकियों रहे हैं पर नहीं लक्षित कर रहे हैं क्योंकि वे विशिष्ट प्रतीकों उपकरण जानवरों या भ्रष्ट प्राणी दुनिया के एक विशेष दृश्य में टाई है कि आतंकवादी ने कहा कि अधिकारी हो रहे हैं.उनके पीड़ित डर instilling के आतंकवादियों लक्ष्य एक दर्शक या अन्यथा उनके अक्सर कट्टरपंथी धार्मिक और राजनीतिक समाप्त होता है accomplishing करने के लिए एक संदेश बाहर निकल रहा accomplishes.
8.
Another major mission came in July 1988 when, by presidential order, the agency assumed management of the nation's stockpile of strategic materials from the General Services Administration. Soon after, DLA established the Defense National Stockpile Center as a primary-level field activity. In 1989, the military services were directed to transfer one million consumable items to DLA for management.The 1980s brought other changes as well. On October 1, 1986, the Goldwater-Nichols Reorganization Act identified DLA as a combat support agency and required that the selection the DLA Director be approved by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The act also directed the Office of the Secretary of Defense to study the functions and organizational structure of DLA to determine the most effective and economical means of providing required services to its customers. It helped the agency's mission evolve from functional concerns (e.g. inventory management, contract administration) to operational concerns (e.g. enhancement of materiel readiness and sustainability of the military services and the unified and specified commands).Further implementation of reorganization recommendations, especially from the Goldwater-Nichols Act, resulted from Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney's Defense Management Review report to the President in July 1989. The report emphasized improving management efficiencies in the Defense Department by “”cutting excess infrastructure, eliminating redundant functions and initiating common business practices.“” After the implementation of the Defense Management Review decisions, DLA assumed some of the military services' responsibilities, such as inventory management and distribution functions. हिंसा - वाल्टर Laqueur ने के अनुसार केन्द्र सामरिक और अंतरराष्ट्रीय अध्ययन के लिए (Center for Strategic and International Studies) आतंकवाद का केवल सामान्य लक्षण आम तौर पर सहमति है कि आतंकवाद हिंसा और हिंसा के खतरे शामिल है.के रूप में इसे बहुत से कार्य करता है आमतौर पर आतंकवाद नहीं माना शामिल हैं तथापि हिंसा की कसौटी अकेले एक उपयोगी परिभाषा का निर्माण नहीं करता है: युद्ध दंगा (riot) संगठित अपराध (organized crime) या यहाँ तक कि एक साधारण हमला (assault).कि जीवन जोखिम में डालना नहीं है संपत्ति विनाश आमतौर पर एक नहीं समझा जाता है हिंसक अपराध (violent crime)है लेकिन कुछ ने संपत्ति के विनाश का वर्णन किया है पृथ्वी लिबरेशन फ्रंट (Earth Liberation Front) और पशु लिबरेशन फ्रंट (Animal Liberation Front) के रूप में हिंसा और आतंकवाद; देखने पारिस्थितिकी आतंकवाद (eco-terrorism).
9.
Another major mission came in July 1988 when, by presidential order, the agency assumed management of the nation's stockpile of strategic materials from the General Services Administration. Soon after, DLA established the Defense National Stockpile Center as a primary-level field activity. In 1989, the military services were directed to transfer one million consumable items to DLA for management.The 1980s brought other changes as well. On October 1, 1986, the Goldwater-Nichols Reorganization Act identified DLA as a combat support agency and required that the selection the DLA Director be approved by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The act also directed the Office of the Secretary of Defense to study the functions and organizational structure of DLA to determine the most effective and economical means of providing required services to its customers. It helped the agency's mission evolve from functional concerns (e.g. inventory management, contract administration) to operational concerns (e.g. enhancement of materiel readiness and sustainability of the military services and the unified and specified commands).Further implementation of reorganization recommendations, especially from the Goldwater-Nichols Act, resulted from Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney's Defense Management Review report to the President in July 1989. The report emphasized improving management efficiencies in the Defense Department by “”cutting excess infrastructure, eliminating redundant functions and initiating common business practices.“” After the implementation of the Defense Management Review decisions, DLA assumed some of the military services' responsibilities, such as inventory management and distribution functions. हिंसा - वाल्टर Laqueur ने के अनुसार केन्द्र सामरिक और अंतरराष्ट्रीय अध्ययन के लिए (Center for Strategic and International Studies) आतंकवाद का केवल सामान्य लक्षण आम तौर पर सहमति है कि आतंकवाद हिंसा और हिंसा के खतरे शामिल है.के रूप में इसे बहुत से कार्य करता है आमतौर पर आतंकवाद नहीं माना शामिल हैं तथापि हिंसा की कसौटी अकेले एक उपयोगी परिभाषा का निर्माण नहीं करता है: युद्ध दंगा (riot) संगठित अपराध (organized crime) या यहाँ तक कि एक साधारण हमला (assault).कि जीवन जोखिम में डालना नहीं है संपत्ति विनाश आमतौर पर एक नहीं समझा जाता है हिंसक अपराध (violent crime)है लेकिन कुछ ने संपत्ति के विनाश का वर्णन किया है पृथ्वी लिबरेशन फ्रंट (Earth Liberation Front) और पशु लिबरेशन फ्रंट (Animal Liberation Front) के रूप में हिंसा और आतंकवाद; देखने पारिस्थितिकी आतंकवाद (eco-terrorism).
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