1. The sodium retention leads to plasma volume expansion and elevated blood pressure. 2. This led to a series of experiments using C and D-shaped plasma volumes .. 3. HES is a plasma volume expander and is taken intravenously. 4. The substance expands plasma volume and is taken intravenously. 5. Isometsa, 32, tested positive for hydroxyethyl starch, or HES, a plasma volume expander taken intravenously. 6. As a result, approximately 12 % of blood plasma volume will cross into the extravascular compartment. 7. However, the plasma volume also is reduced, resulting in hypotension, circulatory insufficiency, and, eventually, fatal shock. 8. Osmotic diuretics works by expanding extracellular fluid and plasma volume , therefore increasing blood flow to the kidney. 9. However, plasma volume measurements suggested that more blood was disappearing from the circulation than could be accounted for. 10. This is thought to be due in part to increased circulating plasma volume in pregnancy and increased lipoprotein.
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