11. The minor pathway involves betaine -homocysteine methyltransferase and requires TMG as a cofactor. 12. Trigonelline is a methyl betaine of nicotinic acid. 13. The erythro betaine can be converted to the threo betaine using phenyllithium at low temperature. 14. The erythro betaine can be converted to the threo betaine using phenyllithium at low temperature. 15. Allylic alcohols can be prepared by reaction of the betaine ylid with a second aldehyde. 16. The human aldehyde dehydrogenase ( ) stimulates the transformation of betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine. 17. The human aldehyde dehydrogenase ( ) stimulates the transformation of betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine . 18. Betaine is, therefore, only effective if the quantity of methionine to be removed is small.19. Betaine lowers the chance of coronary heart disease ( CHD ), stroke, and peripheral vascular diseases.20. They produce organic particles with names like taurine and betaine that hold onto water and keep it from leaving.
