In 1943, he asked Rolf Wider�e to cooperate with him in building a betatron, critically studying an article of Donald Kerst.
12.
From 1934, he was a laboratory director, and it was in that year that he submitted a patent for the betatron.
13.
As early as November 1943, Kerst suggested using a betatron employing 20 MeV gamma rays instead of x-rays to study implosion.
14.
When Touschek was arrested by the Gestapo in 1945, Wider�e visited him in prison, and during these meetings they continued to talk about the betatron.
15.
Additionally, he built a 6-MeV betatron, studied atomic beams, resonance, and the biological effects of radiation, and developed methods of optical interferometry.
16.
In its medical application, the betatron was used at Memorial and elsewhere to point a stream of high-energy electrons at cancerous tumors to shrink or destroy them.
17.
A graduate of the University of Wisconsin, Kerst developed the first betatron at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, where it became operational on July 15, 1940.
18.
Walton responded by building several experimental apparatuses, including one that was a forerunner of the betatron accelerator developed in the 1940s and another that was a forerunner of the linear accelerator.
19.
Other significant facilities constructed by the Commission at Lucas Heights included a 3ANTARES, a smaller 1.3MeV betatron, and radioisotope production and remote handling facilities associated with HIFAR reactor.
20.
In the following, Touschek, Wider�e, R . Kollath and G . Schumann worked on a 15 MeV betatron, which was constructed near Hamburg and was operational in 1944.
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