11. Resistor Rb provides base bias current . 12. "R v " provides a bias current for both the Zener diode and the transistor. 13. Input bias current and input offset current also affect the net offset voltage seen for a given amplifier. 14. Certain circuit topologies may be impractical if no DC path is provided for bias current to the amplifier elements. 15. An input bias current on the inverting terminal of the op-amp will similarly result in an output offset. 16. The small signal model is dependent on the DC bias currents and voltages in the circuit ( the Q point ). 17. That ideal value assumes the bias currents are well-matched, which may not be true for all op-amps. 18. When the operational amplifier's input bias currents are significant, then the DC source resistances driving the inputs should be balanced. 19. Appropriate design of the feedback network can alleviate problems associated with input bias currents and common-mode gain, as explained below. 20. The transconductance of the amplifier is usually controlled by an input current, denoted I abc ( " amplifier bias current " ).
