For periods up to 300 s, the vertical displacement corresponds to Rayleigh waves generated like the primary microseisms, with the difference that it involves the interaction of infragravity waves with the ocean bottom topography.
12.
Even though, in places, hydrographic survey data may be collected in sufficient detail to portray bottom topography in some areas, hydrographic charts only show depth information relevant for safe navigation and should not be considered as a product that accurately portrays the actual shape of the bottom.
13.
Bryan's 1971 paper with the noted dynamicist Adrian Gill demonstrated the important role played by bottom topography in setting the structure of the global ocean circulation, and played a major role in suggesting links between changes in continental topography and climate, continuing a long-term interest in the role of oceanic heat transport in determining global climate.
14.
There are three main types of water masses in the Barents Sea : Warm, salty Bear Island ), this front is determined by the bottom topography and is therefore relatively sharp and stable from year to year, while in the east ( towards Novaya Zemlya ), it can be quite diffuse and its position can vary a lot between years.
15.
Working with five HSM squadrons, two P-3 squadrons, a destroyer, the Chilean " Thompson ", and post-mission analysis experts from the Naval Undersea Warfare Center ( NUWC ), the team produced 100 hours of ASW time and an unprecedented level of tactical feedback and innovation, including research into an HSM requirement for in-cockpit bottom topography.
16.
These new techniques are thought to have been developed by these whales to help them herd small schooling fish ( likely capelin ) in the well-mixed waters of the Saguenay Fjord; these tactics were not observed in the nearby Laurentian Channel Head, where " strong tidal currents, a stratified water column and bottom topography combine to create large areas of upwelling in which prey are forced to the surface ".
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