11. Since " Chlamydomonas " species are normally haploid, the effects of mutations are seen immediately without further crosses. 12. The smallest known contractile vacuoles belong to " Chlamydomonas ", with a diameter of 1.5 �m. 13. The pyrenoid matrix, composed primarily of Rubisco, in " Chlamydomonas ", they are seemingly encased in tubules. 14. It has recently been shown in experiments with " Chlamydomonas " algae that sex can remove the speed limit on evolution. 15. The D66 ( mating type + ) strain has been used by a number of labs for the creation of Chlamydomonas mutant libraries. 16. Most wild-type Chlamydomonas strains can grow on fixed carbon sources ( e . g ., acetate ) in the dark. 17. Mating and sexual reproduction are widespread among extant eukaryotes including protists such as " Paramecium " and " Chlamydomonas ". 18. Sensing of CO 2 in " Chlamydomonas " involves a master switch , which was co-discovered by two laboratories. 19. In " Chlamydomonas ", the eyespot is part of the chloroplast and takes on the appearance of a membranous sandwich structure. 20. In " Chlamydomonas ", radial spoke proteins are thought to regulate the activity of dynein and the symmetry of flagellar bending patterns.
