11. The image was essentially a stored memory of all past context, akin to Tolman's cognitive map . 12. The results of path integration are then later used by the hippocampus to generate the cognitive map . 13. The cognitive map is generated from a number of sources, both from the visual system and elsewhere. 14. It is often argued that in both humans and animals, spatial memories are summarized as a cognitive map . 15. Clustering shows that people tend to chunk information together according to smaller layouts within a larger cognitive map . 16. As a consequence, these mental models are often referred to, variously, as cognitive maps , mental maps, frames of reference. 17. They apparently accomplished this feat by devising a new flight path based on a cognitive map of visible landmarks. 18. McNamara, Hardy and Hirtle identified region membership as a major building block of anyone's cognitive map ( 1989 ). 19. London taxi drivers are helping neuroscientists understand how people create a " cognitive map " that allows them to navigate. 20. Analogously to the way grammar arranges words to express meanings and convey a world, also this formed a cognitive map ).
