As the copper brushes wore away, the dust and pieces of the brush could wedge between commutator segments, shorting them and reducing the efficiency of the device.
12.
Thus, although the current passing through the brush was more or less constant, the instantaneous current passing to the two commutator segments was proportional to the relative area in contact with the brush.
13.
There is less sparking with carbon as compared to copper, and as the carbon wears away, the higher resistance of carbon results in fewer problems from the dust collecting on the commutator segments.
14.
Because copper brushes have the same hardness as the commutator segments, the rotor cannot be spun backwards against the ends of copper brushes without the copper digging into the segments and causing severe damage.
15.
The result of this is that as the commutator segment passes from under the brush, the current passing to it ramps down more smoothly than had been the case with pure copper brushes where the contact broke suddenly.
16.
I pointed out that we're talking about DC . The synchronization I spoke of is in a'perfect motor'where the angle of the live commutator segments are in phase ( match ) with the sum of the vectors of the magnetic field at max speed.
17.
In the coils of the rotor, even after the brush has been reached, currents tend to continue to flow for a brief moment, resulting in a wasted energy as heat due to the brush spanning across several commutator segments and the current short-circuiting across the segments.
18.
The commutator segments consist of a corresponding number of brass angle pieces, " m n, " which are fixed against the wooden boss, " o, " carried on the driving shaft . The junction of every two adjacent cells is connected to one of the commutator segments, as shown at " n ".
19.
The commutator segments consist of a corresponding number of brass angle pieces, " m n, " which are fixed against the wooden boss, " o, " carried on the driving shaft . The junction of every two adjacent cells is connected to one of the commutator segments, as shown at " n ".
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