11. :: Correct, the contact force is caused by the electrostatic repulsion of the electron clouds. 12. Certain contact forces describe specific phenomena and are important enough to have been given unique names. 13. In particular, the contact force is given by 14. However, it is better described as a non-contact force field having a finite range, albeit very short. 15. Molecular and quantum physics show that the electromagnetic force is the fundamental interaction responsible for contact forces . 16. Having greatly underestimated the Lugovalians'power, the Elgavan contact force is easily destroyed and Elgava falls days later. 17. The inadvertent contact forced Johnson to visit pit road two more times in the next four laps. 18. The distribution of internal contact forces throughout the volume of the body is assumed to be continuous. 19. The contact forced Burton's car to veer into Ricky Rudd's pit stall, where Rudd's crew was changing tires. 20. Contact forces are also direct forces.
