11. The diffracted light can be correlated with the concentration of a target analyte. 12. Bulb of a flashlight seen through a transmissive grating, showing two diffracted orders. 13. The diffracted signal is then a combination of two exponential decays rather than one. 14. These are further diffracted by a second grating of period P into four beams. 15. The diffracted light is focused onto a 170x10 mm cross delay line microchannel plate detector. 16. When these discoids align light that is diffracted creates a cloudy or swirling like appearance. 17. The incident beam is diffracted by a first grating of period 2P into two beams. 18. The incoming and outgoing diffracted objects may be treated severally as particles or as waves. 19. When F \ gg 1 the diffracted wave is considered to be in the near field. 20. The maximum diffracted intensity is roughly proportional to the square of the atomic number, Z.
