Vulnerability to damage could be reduced by maintaining two or more copies of each RNA segment in each protocell, i . e . by maintaining diploidy or polyploidy.
12.
The mathematical biologist Ronald Fisher analysed the contribution that having two copies of each gene ( diploidy ) would make to honest signalling, demonstrating that a runaway effect could occur in sexual selection.
13.
Accounting for purging when predicting inbreeding depression is important in evolutionary genetics, because the fitness decline caused by inbreeding can be determinant in the evolution of diploidy, sexual reproduction and other main biological features.
14.
It has been proposed that the basis for the emergence of the diploid phase of the life cycle as the dominant phase, is that diploidy allows masking of the expression of deleterious mutations through genetic complementation.
15.
It can also be defined as an essentially haploid organism that carries a second copy of a part of its genome . The term is derived from the Greek, meros = part, and was originally used to describe both unstable partial diploidy, such as that which occurs briefly in recipients after mating with an Hfr strain ( 1 ), and the stable state, exemplified by F-prime strains ( see Hfr S And F-Primes ).
16.
The reason for this is non-functional intermediates can escape selective pressure for short periods of time ( when there is gene duplication OR when the environment changes like during the colonisation of a new island were there is no competition OR it becomes vestigial OR even diploidy OR alternative splicing ) biological systems evolve upto a point performing some function, then when the pressure is relaxed, they wander around between nopnfunctional neutral states till most of them are lost by chance.
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