11. Both the scala vestibuli and the scala tympani contain an extracellular fluid called perilymph. 12. Hypoxia increases extracellular fluid , which passes through the vasogenic endothelium in the brain. 13. It is absorbed through the walls of the gut and into the extracellular fluid . 14. The latter gives a better view of the base excess of the entire extracellular fluid . 15. The presence of glutathione in cells and extracellular fluids helps maintain ascorbate in a reduced state. 16. The extracellular fluid also includes the transcellular fluid, which comprises about 2.5 %. 17. Calcium-sensing membrane receptors in the parathyroid gland monitor calcium levels in the extracellular fluid . 18. Sphingomab can absorb S1P from the extracellular fluid , thereby lowering the effective concentration of S1P. 19. The large movement of potassium from the extracellular fluid can lead to a mild hypokalemic state. 20. Sodium is the primary cation ( positive ion ) in extracellular fluids in animals and humans.
