11. The peak and tails fit a gaussian distribution . 12. Apart from further chi-squared based characteristics like residuals follow a Gaussian distribution . 13. Outliers are given higher weight precisely because they are unlikely to occur under Gaussian distribution . 14. Quantum dots are valued for displays, because they emit light in very specific Gaussian distributions . 15. The previous example of a mixture of two Gaussian distributions can demonstrate how the method works. 16. For the Gaussian distribution case has " N " in the denominator as well. 17. :The area under the curve of a gaussian distribution is always one for every curve. 18. Where \ Phi ( x ) is the cumulative distribution function of the normal Gaussian distribution . 19. :Squaring the errors is the maximum likelihood estimate given an assumption of a Gaussian distribution . 20. The variables have a joint Gaussian distribution and are stochastically independent if the original process is Gaussian.