11. It also greatly improved yields in germ line mutations. 12. This oxidative damage may result in epigenetic or genetic modifications of the father's germ line . 13. The repressive activity of PIE-1 is required to keep the germ line lineage from differentiating. 14. Mammalian liver cells are typically polyploidal, but they are not part of the germ line . 15. These mutations can occur in the germ line cells, somatic cells, or in the ?-globin gene. 16. For this reason the germ line theory emerged. 17. Germ line mutations in DNA repair genes cause only 2 5 % of colon cancer cases.18. This perspective can shed new light on phenomena as diverse as gastrulation and germ line sequestration. 19. "As far as we can tell, bacteria have never infected the human germ line , " said Salzberg. 20. Research of the breeding of animals where hESCs may contribute to the germ line are similarly ineligible.
