11. Notable exceptions include topological phases of matter like the fractional quantum Hall effect . 12. 1985 : Klaus von Klitzing, West Germany, for discovering the quantized Hall effect . 13. At high temperatures, the quantum Hall effect could be measured in these samples. 14. Hall effect devices produce a very low signal level and thus require amplification.15. Daniel Tsui and Horst St�rmer discovered the fractional quantum Hall effect in 1982. 16. This level is responsible for the anomalous integer quantum Hall effect . 17. 1985 _ Klaus von Klitzing, West Germany, for discovering the quantized Hall effect . 18. Most famously, perhaps, they lie at the center of the fractional quantum Hall effect . 19. Carrier mobility is most commonly measured using the Hall effect . 20. It may also provide and monitor the current to the Hall effect sensor itself.
