The engine has a 14-stage axial-flow compressor, producing compression ratios between 9 : 1 to 13 : 1 depending on altitude, also controlled by variable inlet guide vanes and blow-off valves.
12.
The gas is accelerated to supersonic velocities within the tube using a De Laval nozzle and inlet guide vanes spin the gas around an inner-body which creates the " ballerina effect " and centrifugally separates the water and liquids in the tube.
13.
The engine compartments consist of an eight-stage axial-flow compressor directly coupled to a two-stage turbine, a through-flow annular combustion system, variable inlet guide vanes, controlled compressor interstage bleed, exhaust nozzle and accessory drive system.
14.
In turbocharged engines, EGR needs a controlled pressure differential across the exhaust manifold and intake manifold, which can be met by such engineering as use of a variable geometry turbocharger, which has inlet guide vanes on the turbine to build exhaust backpressure in the exhaust manifold directing exhaust gas to the intake manifold.
15.
The Sapphire compressor operated well, free from surging, over its complete RPM range without the need for variable inlet guide vanes ( VIGV ) or bleed ( VIGV on early engines were fixed on the "'ASSa . 6 "'. ) However, early compressor stages suffered from fatigue due to rotating stall at low RPM and various fixes, such as lacing wire, were incorporated.
16.
Beyond about 5 stages or a 4 : 1 design pressure ratio a compressor will not function unless fitted with features such as stationary vanes with variable angles ( known as variable inlet guide vanes and variable stators ), the ability to allow some air to escape part-way along the compressor ( known as interstage bleed ) and being split into more than one rotating assembly ( known as twin spools, for example ).
17.
The initial " T700-GE-700 " is an ungeared free-turbine turboshaft, with a five-stage axial / one-stage centrifugal mixed-flow compressor, featuring one-piece " blisk " axial stages, with the inlet guide vanes and first two stator stages variable; an annular combustion chamber with central fuel injection to improve combustion and reduce smoke; a two-stage compressor turbine; and a two-stage free power turbine with tip-shrouded blades.
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