11. In addition to the excavated portions of the ditch, the project also included the construction of several inverted siphons . 12. Sometimes, where valleys deeper than had to be crossed, inverted siphons were used to convey water across a valley. 13. Roman engineers used inverted siphons to move water across a valley if they judged it impractical to build a raised aqueduct. 14. Sometimes, where depressions deeper than 50 metres had to be crossed, inverted siphons were used to force water uphill. 15. Large inverted siphons are used to convey water being carried in canals or flumes across valleys, for irrigation or gold mining. 16. There is an inverted siphon in disrepair very close to Harbourview Road but it can be bypassed by an existing deer trail. 17. There are three concrete trestles which are easily crossed as well as an inverted siphon which requires a bushwack to get around. 18. To allow surface water to drain freely across the path of the aqueduct, inverted siphons were installed at fifty-six locations. 19. On another occasion, Branca wrote to Castelli regarding a design for a nozzle for an inverted siphon to be installed in a fountain. 20. An inverted siphon system, along with glass covered clay pipes, was used for the first time in the palaces of Crete, Greece.
