11. Red areas within leukoplakia represent atrophic or immature epithelium which has lost the ability to keratinize. 12. And those with leukoplakia can have a 50 to 100 times higher risk of developing oral cancer. 13. Out of 103 patients with leukoplakia made up of cells with 46 chromosomes, only three developed cancer. 14. This term is a largely historical synonym for this subtype of candidiasis, rather than a true leukoplakia . 15. An indicator of cancer is the development of leukoplakia , which manifests as white patches on the vocal folds. 16. Other causes of white patches generally require pathologic examination of a biopsy specimen to distinguish with certainty from leukoplakia . 17. Mutations in the genes encoding this protein have been associated with White Sponge Nevus, characterized by anal leukoplakia . 18. Of 141 players tested from nine teams, 83 had tissue damage ( leukoplakia ), and 15 required biopsies. 19. Indeed, it can be clinically indistinguishable from true leukoplakia , but tissue biopsy shows candidal hyphae invading the epithelium. 20. However, this definition is inconsistently applied, and some refer to any oral white patch as " leukoplakia ".
