The far detector is in northern Minnesota, and consists of about 500, 000 4 cm ?6 cm ?16 m cells filled with liquid scintillator.
12.
This team used an air shower array at Harvard University's Agassiz Astronomical Station to observe air showers created by cosmic rays using ground-based liquid scintillator detectors.
13.
The proposed liquid scintillator ( linear alkyl benzene ) is lighter than water, and must be held down instead, but still without blocking the view of its interior.
14.
A novel feature of the experiment was a liquid scintillator calorimeter, which was built in quadrants and designed to measure the energy of direct photons and other particles produced by the collisions.
15.
MINOS uses a solid plastic scintillator watched by phototubes, Borexino uses a liquid pseudocumene scintillator also watched by phototubes while the proposed NO?A detector will use a liquid scintillator watched by avalanche photodiodes.
16.
The proposed detector consists of a cylindrical steel tank containing one ton of Gd-doped liquid scintillator material and 16 8 " photomultiplier tubes separated from the scintillator material by a 25-cm thick acrylic disk.
17.
MINOS uses a solid plastic scintillator coupled to photomultiplier tubes, while Borexino uses a liquid pseudocumene scintillator also watched by photomultiplier tubes and the proposed NO?A detector will use liquid scintillator watched by avalanche photodiodes.
18.
The two light flashes associated with the positron and the neutron are coincident in time and in space, which provides a powerful method to reject single-flash ( non-antineutrino ) background events in the liquid scintillator.
19.
A much larger follow-up is in development in the form of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory ( JUNO ) in Kaiping, which will use an acrylic sphere filled with 20, 000 t of liquid scintillator to detect reactor antineutrinos.
20.
In neutrino experiments, large underground liquid scintillator detectors record the flashes of light generated from this interaction . geoneutrino measurements at two sites, as reported by the KamLAND and Borexino collaborations, have begun to place constraints on the amount of radiogenic heating in the Earth's interior.
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