11. The "'littoral zone "'is the part of a sea, lake or river that is close to the shore. 12. Starting from the shoreline, the littoral zone begins at the spray region just above the high tide mark. 13. First, human settlement is often attracted to shorelines, and settlement often disrupts breeding habitats for littoral zone species. 14. The U . S . Navy intends these for operations in the littoral zone ( close to shore ). 15. Planning for a class of small, multipurpose warships to operate in the littoral zone began in the early 2000s. 16. The littoral zones abut each other in a way that forms two separate areas of tridominium waters in the gulf. 17. Due to its shallowness, the entire basin constitutes the littoral zone , which harbors common invertebrates like snails and insect larvae. 18. In freshwater situations, littoral zones occur on the edge of large lakes and rivers, often with extensive areas of wetland. 19. Land reclamation in Tianjin and in Caofeidian have greatly changed the littoral zone , and destroyed much of the area's wetlands. 20. Benthic gross primary production ( GPP ) may be important in maintaining biodiversity hotspots in littoral zones in large lake ecosystems.
