11. Some studies support the view that supplemental lutein and / or zeaxanthin help protect against AMD. 12. The functional difference between lutein ( free form ) and lutein esters is not entirely known. 13. The functional difference between lutein ( free form ) and lutein esters is not entirely known. 14. It is suggested that the bioavailability is lower for lutein esters, but much debate continues. 15. Lutein and zeaxanthin have identical chemical formulas and are isomers, but they are not stereoisomers.16. Lutein may help prevent cataracts through its ability to absorb damaging ultraviolet light, blocking oxidative damage.17. *Sauerkraut is high in the antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin, both associated with preserving ocular health. 18. Rarely, when the theca-lutein cysts are stimulated by gonadotropins, massive ascites can result. 19. It was recommended to replace beta-carotene with lutein and zeaxanthin in future formulations for these reasons. 20. There is only one published clinical intervention trial testing for an effect of lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation on cataracts.
