11. Too much androgen, for example, would cause masculinization and could result in infertility. 12. The tumor can produce male or female hormones in the patient and may cause masculinization . 13. An increase in testosterone levels in the mother doesn't necessarily mean masculinization will occur. 14. Masculinization of women and hypermasculinization of men has been a central theme in sexual orientation research.15. Furthermore, the reversed effects of feminization and masculinization can lead to a reversed sexual preference. 16. When taken by pregnant women, oxandrolone may have unintended effects such as masculinization on the fetus. 17. Two processes : defeminization, and masculinization , are involved in producing male typical morphology and behavior. 18. Both defeminization and masculinization are required for a mammalian zygote to become a fully reproductively functional male. 19. The masculinization of the embryonic reproductive structures occurs as a result of testosterone secreted by the embryonic testes. 20. Studies providing evidence for the masculinization of the brain have, however, not been conducted to date.