11. Reimplantation was followed by immediate contralateral nephrectomies . 12. Small renal tumors ( < 4 cm ) are treated increasingly by partial nephrectomy when possible. 13. Partial nephrectomy ( also referred to as " nephron sparing surgery " ) can be performed. 14. SILS has been used for several common surgical procedures including hernia repair, cholecystectomy and nephrectomy . 15. Phenoxybenzamine, a vasodilator and lysozomal enzyme stabiliser, was injected into the renal artery before nephrectomy . 16. The aggressive cancer caused Daw to undergo surgery on December 29, 2014 having a Partial nephrectomy . 17. Annette underwent a procedure called laparoscopic nephrectomy , in which the kidney is removed through a small incision. 18. Causes include prolonged supine bed rest, scoliosis surgery, left nephrectomy , ileo-anal pouch surgery. 19. The first successful nephrectomy was performed by the German surgeon Gustav Simon on August 2, 1869 in Heidelberg. 20. Such alternatives include renal embolization for those who are poor candidates for surgery, or partial nephrectomy if possible.
