In front is the superior orbital fissure, bounded above by the small wing, below, by the great wing, and medially, by the body of the orbital plate of the frontal bone.
12.
Forming a short single trunk, it passes between the two heads of the Rectus lateralis and through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure, and ends in the cavernous sinus.
13.
One can zoom in on the " superventricular crest " of the right ventricle of the heart, and fly through an eyeball to the " superior orbital fissure " of a skull.
14.
They then enter the middle cranial fossa above foramen lacerum, travel through the cavernous sinus in the middle cranial fossa and then travel with the ophthalmic artery in the optic canal or on the ophthalmic nerve through the superior orbital fissure.
15.
Rarely, when infections of the canine space erode into the infra-orbital vein or the inferior ophthalmic vein ( via the sinuses ), there can be spread via the common ophthalmic vein through the superior orbital fissure and into the cavernous sinus.
16.
Medial to this is a triangular, serrated surface, for articulation with the frontal bone; this surface is continuous medially with the sharp edge that forms the lower boundary of the superior orbital fissure, and laterally with the serrated margin for articulation with the zygomatic bone.
17.
One of these passes through the inferior orbital fissure and joins the pterygoid venous plexus, while the other enters the cranium through the superior orbital fissure and ends in the cavernous sinus, either by a separate opening, or more frequently in common with the superior ophthalmic vein.
18.
One of these passes through the inferior orbital fissure and joins the pterygoid venous plexus, while the other enters the cranium through the superior orbital fissure and ends in the cavernous sinus, either by a separate opening, or more frequently in common with the superior ophthalmic vein.
19.
MRI scans of the brain and orbit with and without contrast, magnetic resonance angiography or digital subtraction angiography and a CT scan of the brain and orbit with and without contrast may all be useful in detecting inflammatory changes in the cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure and / or orbital apex.
20.
Findings on STIR ( Short T1 Inversion Recovery ) are similar to those on T2WI FS . In Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, findings include enhancement and fullness of the anterior cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure in T1WI with contrast, while MRA may show narrowing of cavernous sinus internal carotid artery ( ICA ).
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