11. These findings indicate that flightlessness and gigantism arose independently multiple times among ratites via parallel evolution . 12. Some scientists accordingly have argued that parallel evolution and convergent evolution are more or less indistinguishable. 13. Flightlessness in rails is one of the best examples of parallel evolution in the animal kingdom. 14. They closely resemble the ( unrelated ) mole crabs, due to parallel evolution or convergent evolution. 15. This parallel evolution is seen as an adaptation to their life in trees, high above the ground. 16. It is unknown whether this represents a growth of Moscow Broomball or whether it was a parallel evolution . 17. See Raetic variant is conjectured to be at the origin or parallel evolution of the Elder Futhark ?. 18. This has made the internal nares a case of parallel evolution rather than an homology between lungfish and tetrapods. 19. In the context of Romanian artistic modernity, the parallel evolution of Sion and Iosif Iser has intrigued various commentators. 20. Therefore, it appears that parallel evolution of similar shell morphology occurred between these two distinct lineages of lymnaeid snails.