11. The contrast in permeability between the BBB and pia mater mentioned before is also useful in the application of medicine. 12. The arachnoid is attached to the dura mater, while the pia mater is attached to the central nervous system tissue. 13. Besides subpial demyelination suggest either a problem in the CSF or in the pia mater that should protect the cortex 14. It was later shown with the use of electron microscopy that the pia mater serves as separation between the two. 15. However, in some cases, direct infiltration into the spinal cord parenchyma is found together with destruction of the pia mater . 16. The innermost membrane _ the meshlike pia mater _ hugs the surface of the brain and spinal cord like shrink-wrap. 17. Between the arachnoid and the underlying pia mater is the subarachnoid space, which is filled with cerebro-spinal fluid ( CSF ). 18. They are called ( from the outside to the inside ) the dura mater, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater . 19. Most meningiomas grow from the arachnoid mater inward applying pressure on the pia mater and therefore the brain or spinal cord. 20. Mammals ( as higher vertebrates ) retain the dura mater, and the secondary meninx divides into the arachnoid and pia mater .
