Commonly, benzopyran is encountered in the reduced state, in which it is partially saturated with one hydrogen atom, introducing a tetrahedral CH 2 group in the pyran ring.
12.
These forms are called furanoses and pyranoses, respectively by analogy with furan and pyran, the simplest compounds with the same carbon-oxygen ring ( although they lack the double bonds of these two molecules ).
13.
The reaction between C-1 and C-5 creates a molecule with a six-membered ring, called pyranose, after the cyclic ether pyran, the simplest molecule with the same carbon-oxygen ring.
14.
It was found too unstable, particularly in the presence of air . 4 " H "-pyran easily disproportionates to the corresponding dihydropyran and the pyrylium ion, which is easily hydrolyzed in aqueous medium.
15.
PA-B production is not removed by these knockouts, demonstrating that PA-B is not created by hydroxylating PA-A . A knockout of mupW eliminated the pyran ring, identifying MupW as being involved in ring formation.
16.
The epoxide of PA-A at C10-11 is believed to be inserted after pyran formation by a cytochrome P450 such as MupO . A gene knockout of mupO abolished PA-A production but PA-B, which also conatins the C10-C11 epoxide, remained.
17.
The two glucoses which compose maltose are cyclized in pyran form and are joined by an O-glycosidic bond through the first carbon ( C 1 ) of the first glucose and fourth carbon ( C 4 ) of the second glucose, indicated as ( 1 ?! 4 ).
18.
Also known as, ( R )-( 3, 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy ) heptanoic acid, this chemical facilitates entrance into the dauer stage of life in which the nematode stops aging to protect the nematodes from adverse environments.
19.
"' Patulin "': Patulin, 4-hydroxy-4H-furo [ 3, 2c ] pyran-2 ( 6H )-one, is produced by many different molds but was first isolated as an antimicrobial active principle during the 1940s from Penicillium patulum ( later called Penicillium urticae, now Penicillium griseofulvum ).
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