The molecular basis of the pyrenoid and the CCM have been characterised to some detail in the model green alga " Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ".
12.
Badger and Price first suggested the function of the pyrenoid to be analogous to that of the carboxysome in cyanobacteria, in being associated with CCM activity.
13.
Chlorarachniophytes have a form of starch called chrysolaminarin, which they store in the cytoplasm, often collected around the chloroplast pyrenoid, which bulges into the cytoplasm.
14.
This gene, Cia5 / Ccm1, affects over 1, 000 CO 2-responsive genes and also conditions the degree of packing of Rubisco into the pyrenoid.
15.
Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base.
16.
Heterokont chloroplasts are very similar to haptophyte chloroplasts, containing a pyrenoid, triplet thylakoids, and with some exceptions, having an epiplastid membrane connected to the endoplasmic reticulum.
17.
In the following half-century, phycologists often used the pyrenoid as a taxonomic marker, but physiologists long failed to appreciate the importance of pyrenoids in aquatic photosynthesis.
18.
CCM activity in algal and cyanobacterial photobionts of lichen associations was also identified using gas exchange and carbon isotope isotopes and associated with the pyrenoid by Palmqvist and Badger et al.
19.
It has a cell wall made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a large cup-shaped chloroplast, a large pyrenoid, and an " eyespot " that senses light.
20.
He is credited for describing the development of the networks that occur in the cells of " Hydrodictyon " ( water net algae ), and for describing the pyrenoid of algae.
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