11. Therefore, one can define a quantity, called "'fugacity "', so that the chemical potential for a real gas becomes 12. At high pressures, the volume of a real gas is often considerably greater than that of an ideal gas. 13. These equations are exact only for an ideal gas, which neglects various intermolecular effects ( see real gas ). 14. A solvent at its theta temperature is, in this way, analogous to a real gas at its Boyle temperature. 15. At low temperatures, the pressure of a real gas is often considerably less than that of an ideal gas. 16. With that in mind, the following table explains when the Joule Thomson effect cools or warms a real gas : 17. The introduction of real gas effects means that more variables are required to describe the full state of a gas. 18. It is desirable that the expression for a real gas 's chemical potential to be similar to the one for an ideal gas. 19. For a real gas , the isentropic chain is unusable and a " Mollier diagram " would be used instead for manual calculation. 20. The contribution of nonideality to the chemical potential of a real gas is equal to " RT " ln " ? ".
