11. That complaint would be valid if criteria-referenced tests told only whether students had passed or failed. 12. The reference tests of the SATRO-ECG method in relation to coronary heart disease ( CHD ). 13. Teachers use criterion-referenced tests , teacher-made tests, common benchmark assessments, portfolios, and observations to assess student performance. 14. Norm-referenced tests give percentile scores, as when a student is said to be at the 40th percentile. 15. Ideally, a score on a criterion-referenced test reflects the amount of content knowledge a student has mastered. 16. In regards to criterion-referenced tests , Anastasi diverged from educational psychologist Robert Glaser, who first introduced the concept in 1963. 17. A serious limitation of norm-reference tests is that the reference group may not represent the current population of interest. 18. That is better than switching to criteria-referenced tests , with their flawed proficiency definitions and limited ability to detect progress. 19. The term percentile and the related term percentile rank are often used in the reporting of scores from norm-referenced tests . 20. With a norm-referenced test , grade level was traditionally set at the level set by the middle 50 percent of scores.
