11. This is suitable for cleaving glycols and alpha-hydroxy ketones in ring opening and Mannich reaction. 12. This is because the carbocationic intermidate is delocalised onto many different carbons through a reversible ring opening . 13. If the ring opening uses a conrotatory process then the reaction results with the HOMO of butadiene. 14. Cyclopropylmethyl radical undergoes a very rapid ring opening rearrangement that relieves the ring strain and is enthalpically favorable. 15. The first step involves a photochemically induced conrotatory ring opening of 7-dehydrocholesterol to form pre vitamin D3. 16. Isotopic labeling studies indicated that the ring opening occurs via an addition elimination reaction with water addition shown below. 17. The principle application of the fast-initiating catalysts is as initiators for ring opening metathesis polymerisation ( ROMP ). 18. While it proceeds through an intermediate bicycle the final cyclization and ring opening take place within the same radical reaction. 19. The polymerization process it a cationic chain growth, which takes place by ring opening polymerization of the epoxide groups. 20. This was extended to large-molecular-size and " hypercondensed " hydrocarbons, ring opening and partial hydrogenation.
