In rule utilitarianism the principle of utility is used to determine the validity of rules of conduct ( moral principles ).
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Some school level textbooks and at least one UK examination board make a further distinction between strong and weak rule utilitarianism.
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SRU does not deteriorate into act utilitarianism like weak rule utilitarianism, but it shares weaknesses with similarly Immanuel Kant ) posits both
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For instance, the practical application of rule utilitarianism ( or else two-level utilitarianism ) may temper the aforementioned undesirable conclusions.
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According to the first, rule utilitarianism collapses into act utilitarianism because there is no adequate criterion on what can count as a " rule ".
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Smart's arguments against rule utilitarianism have been very influential, contributing to a steady decline in its popularity among ethicists during the late 20th century.
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Rule utilitarianism states that the morally right action is the one that is in accordance with a moral rule whose general observance would create the most happiness.
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For example, rule utilitarianism was criticized for implying that in some cases an individual should pursue a course of action that would obviously not maximise utility.
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Act utilitarianism analyses a consequence of a decision as one particular act whereas rule utilitarianism evaluates a consequence as if it will be later replicated in the future.
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Act utilitarianism maintains that an action is right if it maximizes utility; rule utilitarianism maintains that an action is right if it conforms to a rule that maximizes utility.
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