This causes the calcium pump between the muscle sarcoplasm and sarcoplasmic reticulum to " short circuit "; the calcium ions remain bound to the troponin, continuing muscle contraction.
12.
Albert L . Lehninger asserted that K�lliker was among the first to notice the arrangement of granules in the sarcoplasm of striated muscle over a period of years beginning around 1850.
13.
This fundamental difference is indicative of their functions : The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes molecules, while the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions and pumps them out into the sarcoplasm when the muscle fiber is stimulated.
14.
This results in initial violent contractions, followed by sustained supercontraction restricted to the subjunctional endplate sarcoplasm and prolonged depolarizing neuromuscular blockade, the latter resulting in flaccid paralysis of all the muscles in the body.
15.
Lipids, and glycogen are also stored within the sarcoplasm and these are broken down by mitochondria to release refractory periods followed by brief relaxation periods when the heart fills with blood for the next cycle.
16.
The sarcoplasm is also composed of glycogen, a polysaccharide of glucose monomers, which provides energy to the cell with heightened exercise, and myoglobin, the red pigment that stores oxygen until needed for muscular activity.
17.
The delayed opening of more Ca 2 +-activated K + channels, which are activated by build-up of Ca 2 + in the sarcoplasm, while the Ca 2 + channels close, ends the plateau.
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