The fibers of the posterior part of the ligament are short and incline backward as they descend; they are inserted into the tibia above the groove for the semimembranosus muscle.
12.
The tendons of the above muscles can be felt as prominent cords on both sides of the fossa the biceps femoris tendon on the lateral side and the semimembranosus and semitendinosus tendons on the medial side.
13.
The posterior thigh muscles have their origins on the semimembranosus are inserted on the tibia on the medial side of the knee, while biceps femoris is inserted on the fibula, on the knee's lateral side.
14.
Once prepared, attention is directed to preparing the reconstruction tunnel for the tibial attachment of the POL . Above the anterior arm attachment of the semimembranosus muscle tendon, the tibial attachment of the central arm of the POL is identified.
15.
Its most powerful action is to cause the body to regain the erect position after stooping, by drawing the pelvis backward, being assisted in this action by the biceps femoris ( long head ), semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and adductor magnus.
16.
The MCL's deep surface covers the inferior medial genicular vessels and nerve and the anterior portion of the tendon of the semimembranosus muscle, with which it is connected by a few fibers; it is intimately adherent to the medial meniscus.
17.
Superficial to the main part of the ligament is a strong fasciculus, derived from the tendon of the Semimembranosus and passing from the back part of the medial condyle of the tibia obliquely upward and lateralward to the back part of the lateral condyle of the femur.
18.
The posterior side of the hip exhibits primarily hip extension, dealing with the muscles : gluteus maximus, hamstring muscles ( biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus ), and the six deep external rotators ( piriformis, obturator externus, obturator internus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, and quadrates femoris ).
19.
The final step of reconstruction ligament fixation is the proximal tibial attachment of the sMCL . This soft-tissue attachment can be reproduced with a suture anchor placed 12.2 mm distal to the medial joint line ( average location ), directly medial to the anterior arm of the semimembranosus tibial attachment.
20.
It receives an expansion from the tendon of the biceps femoris laterally, and from the tendons of the gracilis, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus medially; in front, it blends with the periosteum covering the subcutaneous surface of the tibia, and with that covering the head and malleolus of the fibula; below, it is continuous with the transverse crural and laciniate ligaments.
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