About 90 % of the world's star anise crop is used for extraction of shikimic acid, a chemical intermediate used in the synthesis of oseltamivir.
12.
Aminoshikimic acid is also an alternative to shikimic acid as a starting material for the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors such as the antiinfluenza agent oseltamivir ( Tamiflu ).
13.
Star anise is the major source of the chemical compound shikimic acid, a primary precursor in the pharmaceutical synthesis of anti-influenza drug oseltamivir ( Tamiflu ).
14.
The biosynthesis of ring A ( see "'Fig . 1 "') begins with prephenate which is a derived from the shikimic acid biosynthetic pathway.
15.
Polyphenols incorporate smaller parts and building blocks from simpler natural phenols, which originate from the phenyl propanoid pathway for the phenolic acids or the shikimic acid pathway for gallotannins and analogs.
16.
Additionally, different " in vitro " and " in vivo " parts of the plant have been shown to possess antimicrobial and antioxidant shikimic acid, etc.
17.
"' 3-Dehydroshikimic acid "'is a chemical compound related to shikimic acid . 3-DHS is available in large quantity through engineering of the shikimic acid pathway.
18.
"' 3-Dehydroshikimic acid "'is a chemical compound related to shikimic acid . 3-DHS is available in large quantity through engineering of the shikimic acid pathway.
19.
DHQ is dehydrated to 3-dehydroshikimic acid by the enzyme 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase, which is reduced to shikimic acid by the enzyme shikimate dehydrogenase, which uses nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ( NADPH ) as a cofactor.
20.
*2006-04-25 The groups of E . J . Corey ( Tokyo ) have published new syntheses of oseltamivir ( Tamiflu ) bypassing the expensive and scarce shikimic acid, the starting material in the current production method.
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