11. Each ice flow produces its own set of stress fields . 12. The theory of stress fields can be applied to various strengthening mechanisms for materials. 13. Dislocations create a stress field around them given by: 14. The stress field extends over a wide area, however, on land and under the sea. 15. Recrystallization in an anisotropic stress field is called dynamic recrystallization, and results in grain-size reduction. 16. If a smaller atom is added to the lattice a tensile stress field is created. 17. Similarly if a larger atom is added to the lattice a compressive stress field is created. 18. As such, substitutional solute atoms do not interact with the shear stress fields characteristic of screw dislocations. 19. Localized regions of up-welling and down-welling of mantle material could affect the stress field in Io's lithosphere. 20. Stress fields can be created by adding different sized atoms to the lattice ( solute strengthening ).
