11. The bevel protractor Vernier scale may have graduations of 52 ( minutes ) or 1 / 12? 12. The vernier scale is constructed so that it is spaced at a constant fraction of the fixed main scale. 13. In imprecise colloquial usage, some speakers extend this even to dial calipers, although they involve no vernier scale . 14. Later on, it was adapted in 1631 by the French mathematician Pierre Vernier, to create the vernier scale . 15. In some languages, the Vernier scale is still named after Nunes, for example " " in Swedish. 16. In the interim between transversals and the vernier scale , the nonius system, developed by Pedro Nunes, was used. 17. A vernier scale is often included, which allows the position to be read to a fraction of the smallest scale mark. 18. He made a design with two concentric circles and a vernier scale and recommended averaging three sequential readings to reduce the error. 19. To measure using a vernier scale , the user first reads the finely marked " fixed " scale ( in the diagram ). 20. Tang sights often had vernier scales , allowing adjustment down to a single minute of arc over the full range of the sight.
