The contact hypothesis in sociology is a well documented phenomenon in which cooperative interactions with those from a different group than one's own reduce prejudice and inter-group hostility.
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This research all supports the core proposition of the imagined contact hypothesis, that imaging an interaction with an outgroup member can improve attitudes and behaviors towards the outgroup as a whole.
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The extended contact hypothesis holds that knowing that a member of one's own group has a close relationship with a member of an outgroup can lead to more positive attitudes towards that outgroup.
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Applying the contact hypothesis to heterosexuals and homosexuals, Herek ( 1987 ) found that college students who had pleasant interactions with a homosexual tend to generalize from that experience and accept homosexuals as a group.
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The intergroup education movement in the 1940s and 1950s built upon the idea of " dialogue as liberatory educational practice, " also drawing from feminist, antiracist and critical theory as well as the Intergroup Contact hypothesis.
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The imagined contact hypothesis is also influenced by cognitive psychology, particularly work on mental imagery which suggesting that imagining scenarios can induce emotion and motivation similar to real-life and is important to directing goal related behavior.
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Contacts between opposing groups ( e . g ., on the level of municipalities, associations, universities, trade unions ) can contribute to building positive relationships and the reduction of prejudice ( see contact hypothesis ).
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Most research on the contact hypothesis resulted from World War II . Due to a shortage of combat troops, General Dwight D . Eisenhower allowed Black soldiers assigned in Europe at that time the option to volunteer for combat duty.
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They argue that online technologies may serve to provide the kind of positive contact called for in research on the contact hypothesis, especially in environments where face-to-face contact may be deemed unsafe, impractical or expensive.
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The'imagined contact hypothesis'was put forward by Richard J . Crisp and Rhiannon Turner ( 2009 ) and proposes that simply imagining a positive encounter with a member or members of an outgroup category can promote more positive intergroup attitudes.
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