Other basal traits are the very short first metacarpal in the hand and a third metatarsal that, though pinched at the top, is at that point not excluded form the front surface of the metatarsus, so that the foot is not arctometatarsalian.
22.
Once Susman recognized the revealing nature of the first metacarpal bone, he reasoned that a comparative analysis of fossil thumbs should be a reliable way of determining which of the early hominids would have had hands that functioned in a way similar to those of modern humans.
23.
The superficial part is inserted with one or more tendons into the radial side of the base of the first metacarpal bone, and the deep part is variably inserted into the trapezium, the joint capsule and its ligaments, and into the belly of opponens pollicis.
24.
However, the deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis originate on the thumb's ulnar sesamoid bone and the oblique portion of the adductor pollicis on several carpal bones as well as the bases of the second and third metacarpal bones and not on the first metacarpal.
25.
This bone, the first metacarpal, which is embedded in the palm of the hand at the base of the thumb, is broader in humans than in chimpanzees, the closest living relative of humans, because it must support three extra power muscles, which chimpanzees lack.
26.
The origin of the first palmar interosseous muscle is on the ulnar aspect of the base, and can sometimes extend onto the shaft . In contrast to the other metacarpals, the first metacarpal has no articular facets on the sides of its base ( for intermetacarpal articulations ) because it articulates exclusively with the trapezium.
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