The spin g-factor comes from the Dirac equation, a fundamental equation connecting the electron's spin with its electromagnetic properties.
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Particle physics, particularly quantum chromodynamics, provides the fundamental equations that explain the properties of quarks and of the strong interaction.
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Coupling coefficients for each reinforcement schedule are derived and inserted into the fundamental equation to yield overall predicted response rates.
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:We " do " sometimes use " axiom " in physics to mean the fundamental equations that define a particular theory.
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If the equations of state for a particular potential are known, then the fundamental equation for that potential can be determined.
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For real and practical systems, explicit expressions of the fundamental equations are almost always unavailable, but the functional relations exist in principle.
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Starting from the first and second laws of thermodynamics, four equations called the " fundamental equations of Gibbs " can be derived.
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Spitzer took the ideal gas laws and adapted them to an ionized plasma, developing many of the fundamental equations used to model a plasma.
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The examples here illustrate the inverse problem; identification of the underlying dynamics, or fundamental equation, of the logistic map from exemplars of the time series.
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The fundamental equation is the simplest and most comprehensive equation so far discovered for writing down the equations of motion of a constrained mechanical system.
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