21. The average level of hematocrit among the riders was 44.9 percent, the UCI said. 22. This results in polycythemia, abnormally increased numbers of circulating red blood cells and an elevated hematocrit . 23. With modern lab equipment, the hematocrit is calculated by an automated analyzer and not directly measured. 24. Before the 2002 Tour de Romandie, Gustov was tested with a hematocrit level above fifty percent. 25. At this time there was no limit to the hematocrit level but the large fluctuation was suspicious. 26. Four riders had hematocrit levels below the legal limit of 50 %, establish in February 1997. 27. The UCI has admitted that the average rider's hematocrit has risen 5 percentage points since 1992. 28. Another way of measuring hematocrit levels has been through optical methods such as spectrophotometry has also been developed. 29. The average level of hematocrit among riders at the start was 44.9 percent, the UCI said. 30. In micro-circulation, the Fahraeus effect will take place, resulting in a large change in hematocrit .
