Hirudo medicinalis, the European medicinal leech, is a 4-inch-long carnivorous, hermaphroditic, segmented worm with a sucker on each end, five pairs of eyes, and 32 nerve bundles, or " brains, " in the middle.
22.
Some-among them the well-known European Medical Leech ( " Hirudo medicinalis " ) of the Hirudiniformes-are bloodsuckers, while most-including the Kinabalu Giant Red Leech ( " Mimobdella buettikoferi " ) of the Erpobdelliformes-are predators that hunt small invertebrates which are swallowed whole.
23.
But if Ppi755 is a hoaxer, there are also problems with Esteban Ruquet's text : it is not clear in his final version whether the binomial species name is " Hirudo macacalbis " or " Hybris macacalbi ", but Google Scholar knows nothing of either, nor of the zoologists Juan Carlos Ciappina or Pepe Songoltea.
24.
In the 19th century medical demand for leeches was so high that some areas'stocks were exhausted and other regions imposed restrictions or bans on exports, and " Hirudo medicinalis " is treated as an endangered species by both IUCN and CITES . More recently leeches have been used to assist in microsurgery, and their saliva has provided anti-inflammatory compounds and several important anticoagulants, one of which also prevents tumors from spreading.
25.
"' Hematophagy "'( sometimes spelled "'haematophagy "'or "'hematophagia "') is the practice by certain animals of feeding on blood ( from the nematodes, such as Ancylostomids, feed on blood extracted from the capillaries of the gut, and about 75 percent of all species of leeches ( e . g ., " Hirudo medicinalis " ), a free-living worm, are hematophagous.
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