21. Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy during surgery can be used to prevent further hydrocephalus post op. 22. She developed post-traumatic hydrocephalus in which the increased pressure crushed the brainstem. 23. Compressive lesions often cause headache and may compress the third ventricle leading to hydrocephalus . 24. The tumor was causing a condition known as hydrocephalus , or water on the brain. 25. The shunt relieves fluid pressure on his brain, a condition called normal pressure hydrocephalus . 26. This should be distinguished from external hydrocephalus . 27. Individuals with spina bifida, especially those with shunted hydrocephalus , often have attention problems. 28. Rare post-operative complications include hydrocephalus and brain stem compression by retroflexion of odontoid. 29. Partial or total obstruction of the cerebral aqueduct during development can lead to congenital hydrocephalus . 30. These may block the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid around the brain, leading to hydrocephalus .