21. The theory of extremum estimators does not specify what the objective function should be. 22. The second term in the objective function is required to avoid generating inefficient solutions. 23. Both lasso and ridge regression can be interpreted as minimizing the same objective function 24. Linear Programming requires the definition of an objective function . 25. To reflect a preference for higher rather than lower returns, this objective function is concave. 26. The stoichiometric coefficients alone are sufficient for the mathematical maximization of a specific objective function . 27. As a result, finding a global optimum of a norm-based objective function is often tractable. 28. The objective function was to select the best blends of predicted demand given existing prices. 29. Benjamin Ward critiqued the labor managed firm's objective function . 30. He argues that uncertainty and probabilistic outcomes make the maximization of any objective function meaningless.