21. NALP proteins are part of the innate immunity and detect conserved pathogen characteristics such as peptidoglycan . 22. Lysozyme helps to release mature phage particles from the cell wall by breaking down the peptidoglycan . 23. Gram-positive bacteria possess a thick cell wall containing many layers of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids. 24. The rest of the Lpp molecules are present in a " free " form unlinked to peptidoglycan . 25. The mechanism of resistance to vancomycin found in enterococcus involves the alteration of the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway. 26. Cefpodoxime inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in cell walls. 27. TLR1 recognises peptidoglycan and ( triacyl ) lipoproteins in concert with TLR2 ( as a heterodimer ). 28. Normally, beta-lactams bind the PBPs and thereby inhibit the cross-linking of peptidoglycan . 29. OBPgp279 most likely has a similar active site, but it binds to peptidoglycan instead of chitin. 30. Nonenveloped viruses lyse the host cell which is characterized by viral proteins attacking the peptidoglycan or membrane.
