The form of inorganic pyrophosphatase isolated from " Thermococcus litoralis " was found to contain a total of 174 amino acid residues and have a hexameric oligomeric organization ( Image 1 ).
22.
The Rnf complex, a Na +-dependent F-ATPase, V-ATPase, and a membrane-bound Pyrophosphatase serve as methods to conserve energy through electron-transport phosphorylation.
23.
For example, enzyme deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphatase, encoded by YJR069C in " S . cerevisiae " and exhibiting ( d ) ITPase and ( d ) XTPase activities, hydrolyses dXMP, respectively.
24.
Though the human form of the enzyme has not yet been isolated, a 1.23 kilobase cDNA segment has been identified that encodes a 32 kDa protein that is 94 % identical to bovine inorganic pyrophosphatase.
25.
Though the precise mechanism of catalysis via inorganic pyrophosphatase in most organisms remains uncertain, site-directed mutagenesis studies in " Escherichia coli " have allowed for analysis of the enzyme active site and identification of key amino acids.
26.
This activation is accomplished in two reactive steps : ( 1 ) the fatty acid reacts with a molecule of AMP . Each of these two steps is reversible under biological conditions, save for the additional hydrolysis of PPi by inorganic pyrophosphatase.
27.
In the case of the chemical reaction, people may omit the back arrow once it becomes a sufficiently complicated exercise in entropy on one side ( for example, when you use pyrophosphatase to enhance an ATP-dependent reaction in biology ).
28.
In this enzyme s primary reaction the phosphate group on glucose-1-phosphate replaces the phosphoanhydride bond on UTP . As this reaction is relatively common and spontaneous, the Gibbs Free Energy is close to zero, however, inorganic pyrophosphatase quickly hydrolyzes the pyrophosphate and drives the reaction forward.
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