21. "' Palmitoyl-CoA "'is an acyl-CoA thioester used in the biosynthesis of sphingosine : 22. Recent research indicates that sphingosine -1-phosphate ( S1P ) signaling is an important regulator of vascular smooth muscle contraction. 23. Sphingosine -1-phosphate ( S1P ) signaling also aides in pericyte recruitment by communication through G protein-coupled receptors.24. The encoded enzyme is responsible for conversion of the sphingosine 1-phosphate ( S1P ) degradation product hexadecenal to hexadecenoic acid. 25. Without RhoA binding, lipids such as arachidonic acid or sphingosine phosphorylcholine can increase ROCK1 activity 5-to 6-fold. 26. It has been reported that GPR6 is both constitutively active but in addition is further activated by sphingosine -1-phosphate. 27. The systematic name of this enzyme class is "'acyl-CoA : sphingosine N-acyltransferase " '. 28. The systematic name of this enzyme class is " UDP-galactose : sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase ". 29. BAF312 may be more selective in the particular sphingosine -1-phosphate receptors ( 8 in number ) that it modulates. 30. It is important to note that since sphingosine exerts surfactant activity, it is one of the sphingolipids found at lowest cellular levels.
