31. SEC works by trapping smaller molecules in the pores of the adsorbent materials adsorption ( " stationary phases " ). 32. In 2014 an alginate / nano-hydroxyapatite composite was synthesized and field-tested as an adsorbent for fluoride. 33. Sodium montmorillonite is also used as the base of some cat litter products, due to its adsorbent and clumping properties. 34. The adsorbent , a solid phase ( stationary phase ), is a powder which is coated onto a solid support. 35. He is the inventor of three research devices including a gas mask filter test apparatus and a charcoal adsorbent test apparatus. 36. The components of the sample mixture are separated from each other due to their different degrees of interaction with the adsorbent particles. 37. However, atoms on the surface of the adsorbent are not wholly surrounded by other adsorbent atoms and therefore can attract adsorbates. 38. However, atoms on the surface of the adsorbent are not wholly surrounded by other adsorbent atoms and therefore can attract adsorbates. 39. Additionally dried and screened, it forms macro-pored silica gel which is used as drier, adsorbent and catalyst carrier. 40. For a commensurate superstructure the symmetry and the rotational alignment with respect to adsorbent surface can be determined from the LEED pattern.