In cases involving the Basilar Artery ( VBD ), the pathogenesis arises from direct compression of different cranial nerves . Fig . 2 Additionally, ischemic effects on the brain stem and cerebellar hemispheres as well as symptoms related to hydrocephalus are common.
32.
The internal auditory meatus provides a passage through which the vestibulocochlear nerve, the facial nerve, and the labyrinthine artery ( an internal auditory branch of the basilar artery ) can pass from inside the skull to structures of the inner ear and face.
33.
The inner ear is supplied by the anterior tympanic branch of the maxillary artery; the stylomastoid branch of the posterior auricular artery; the petrosal branch of middle meningeal artery; and the labyrinthine artery, arising from either the anterior inferior cerebellar artery or the basilar artery.
34.
"' Basal "'or "'basilar "'crackles ( not to be confused with the basilar artery of the brain ) are crackles apparently originating in or near the base of the lung . "'Bibasal "'or "'bibasilar "'crackles refer to crackles at the bases of both the left and right lungs . "'Bilateral basal crackles "'also refers to the presence of " basal " crackles in both lungs.
35.
As a result, blood travels up one of the other blood vessels to the brain ( the other vertebral or the carotids ), reaches the basilar artery or goes around the cerebral arterial circle and descends via the ( contralateral ) vertebral artery to the subclavian ( with the proximal blockage ) and feeds blood to the distal subclavian artery ( which supplies the upper limb and shoulder ).
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